The American Prohibition of Alcohol in the 1920s Essay

The American Prohibition of Alcohol in the 1920s The prohibition of alcohol in the United States lasted from 1920 until 1932. The movement began in the late nineteenth century, and was fueled by the formation of the Anti-Saloon League in 1893 (Why Prohibition?). This league and other anti-alcohol organizations, began to succeed in establishing local prohibition laws. By the 1920s prohibition was a national effort. The prohibition movement was aimed primarily at closing saloons. Saloons were the brewing companies place in retail business, selling alcohol by the glass. In the early twentieth century, there was one saloon for every one-hundred fifty or two-hundred Americans. This competitiveness forced saloon keepers to find†¦show more content†¦The other way to get alcohol was in â€Å"speakeasies;† underground saloons. Oftentimes the bartenders at speakeasies would not actually mix drinks, but only supply glasses and ice. The only real skill involved with being a bartender was the ability to remain calm during police raids. Some considered the bartenders at speakeasies to be cheapening the profession (Cocktail). Still, many of these establishments are still open, and boast of their activity during Prohibition. There are more than fifteen bars currently open in Chicago that operated as speakeasies in the 1920s and use that fact as an advertisement. The speakeasies were supplied illegally by gangsters, most notably; Al Capone in Chicago. Capone spent over $75 million bribing police and politicians in Chicago, but within two years was earing $60 million a year through the sale of alcohol. Other activities were earning him an extra $45 million a year. The money that could be made from selling alcohol illegally led to gang wars, and over 200 gangsters were killed in Chicago in just four years. Bill Thomson, elected mayor of Chicago 1927, was one of the men Capone bribed. Upon election, Thomson boasted that he would reopen speakeasies that had been shut down, and allow more to be opened (Beitrag). This utter disregard for the law, even by men in such high positions, leads to the overall conclusion that prohibition was a failure. Although consumption of alcohol is estimated to haveShow MoreRelatedBootlegging1172 Words   |  5 PagesA.J. D’Angelo Ms. Roach Classics in American Literature 20 April 2011 Bootlegging â€Å"The more taboos and inhibitions there are in the world, the poorer people become†¦ The more articulate the laws and ordinances, the more robbers and thieves arise† (qtd. in â€Å"Rumrunning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The 1920’s in American History was an extraordinary time period due to the extreme prosperity of the people who lived in it. The lust for bigger and better conveniences was developed and led people to want easy money. AfterRead MoreAmerica in the 1920s Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica in the 1920s The 1920’s was a period of great change in America. It was a decade which saw the development of mass production, cinema, jazz and the introduction of prohibition. Indeed, the 1920’s have often been described as ‘’the roaring 20’s’’ a time when life was good for all Americans. Qu. To what extent did America ‘’roar’’ for all Americans in the 1920’s? America enjoyed a period of great prosperity in the 1920s, people often called it ‘theRead MoreRoaring Twenties in American Society After World War I. Essay645 Words   |  3 Pages After World War I, American society changed greatly. A new era, the Roaring Twenties, found its way in America along with the arrival of the flappers (Roaring). Americans were introduced to new fashion styles, the prohibition and the Jazz Age (Fashion, Jazz). Controversy proved to be very prominent with the Scopes Trial (Scopes). As the war came to a close, the Roaring Twenties made its way into America. This time period brought many changes that were new to Americans. Fashion changed fromRead MoreProhibition Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesProhibition The years leading into the 1920s and the prohibition movement were marked with saloons, drunkenness, and a society of increasing alcohol consumption. Americas changing social habits brought on the passage of the Eighteenth amendment in 1919, placing a nation-wide ban on intoxicating liquors. This amendment was to prevent the production, sale, and use of alcoholic beverages. As the new law was established, the problem of enforcing Americans to obey the law was a great taskRead MoreProhibition in the Great Gatsby1355 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1920s were greatly influenced by prohibition. The prohibition law restricted the manufacturing, consumption, transportation, and sale of alcohol. The law was put into effect to lower the crime and corruption rates in the United States in the 1920s. It was also said to reduce social problems and lower taxes. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald examines the negative repercussions of prohibition on the economy, characters in the Great Gatsby, and on the different social classes of the 1920sRead More absolut Failure Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pages The 1920’s was a time of major social change in the United States. The social changes during this period are reflected in the laws and regulations that were implemented. One of the most prominent examples of this was prohibition. The 18th Amendment to the Constitution, or the Volsted act as it is also know, was implemented to eliminate the use of alcohol in the United States. In doing this, the advocates of prohibition hoped to also eradicate the social problems associated with alcohol. â€Å"It wasRead MoreThe Temperance Movement Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesWhat was the purpose of the Temperance Movement and Prohibition on alcohol? The Temperance Movement was an anti-alcohol movement. The Temperance Movement took place back in the early 20th century. The Christian abolitionists who fought slavery also prayed to the same God to end the scourge of alcohol. The purpose of the Temperance Movement was to try to abolish alcohol in the early 1900’s. â€Å"’We Sa ng Rock of Ages‘: Frances Willard Battles Alcohol in the late 19th Century† (Willard). The author theRead More Prohibition Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesHonors P. 1 Mrs. Robinson 4 May 2004 â€Å"Prohibition: The Noble Experiment† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"Prohibition, sometimes referred to as the noble experiment, did not achieve its goals. It did the exact opposite by adding to the problems that it was intended to solve† (Thorton). It is also considered to be the thirteen years that damaged America. On January 16, 1920 one of the most disobeyed laws was put into effect. The 18th amendment, also known as Prohibition, was ineffective and caused more corruptionRead MoreHow did the Prohibition Change the United States of America (USA)? And why was it a failure?1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe word Prohibition as stated in the World Book encyclopaedia refers to laws that are designed to prevent the drinking of alcoholic beverages. The enforcement of the Volstead Act in the United States of America (USA) saw the nationwide beginning of the prohibition on the 16th of January 1920. The Prohibition brought about a change in attitude for the people of the United States (USA). It caused an extreme rise in cri me; encouraging everyday people to break the law and increased the amount ofRead More Cultural Report: Prohibition964 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Report: Prohibition - â€Å"The Noble Experiment† The 1920s was an era brimming with changes in the social order and culture in the United States, and these changes evidently brought about anxiety and confusion over the evolving concept of â€Å"Americanness†. Prohibition, officially enacted on January 17, 1920, is viewed retrospectively as a lunging effort on the part of the â€Å"old money† European American population to impose their ideals, values, control and power in the face of

216 biomedical science laboratory report Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Aim of the experiment The aim of the series of the practical sessions was to transfer CIH-1, a fungal gene from pBK-CMV, a plasmid vector into pUC19, another plasmid vector. This was done by cutting the given fungal gene from pBK-CMV by use of Xba1 and EcoR1 that nick the plasmid from either side of the given fungal gene. The gene will then be ligated into pUC19. The ligated products eventually become transformed into E. coli and then there will be selection of bacteria colonies that will contain the recombinant pUC19 molecules. Confirmation Method In the first method involves restriction digestion of pBK-CMV and pUC19. In this method, one was provided with RDMM (a restriction digest master mix) that contains, water, a restriction digest buffer and the restriction enzymes XbaI and EcoRI. Ligation method is then followed. After it, agarose electrophoresis of the pBK-CMV and pUC19 was done. This was then followed by the preparation of chemically competent E. coli. XLI blue. Agar plates were then prepared Results The following were the results got after doing agarose electrophoresis of pBK-CMV and pUC19. From the electrophoresis sheet, one could realize that some base pairs shifted to a higher distance from the base line while others short distance. We will write a custom essay sample on 216 biomedical science laboratory report or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Therefore, the various distance between the top most part the base pairs reached from the base line recorded and values put in the table below. The results for the distance moved by the DNA size markers from the well included the following. DNA fragment size (base pairs) Distance moved from well (mm) 5000 10 3000 12 2000 15 1000 17 500 23 From the table above, it evident that DNA band with base pairs 5oo moved a distance of 23 mm, 1000 base pairs moved a distance of 17mm, 2000 base pairs moved a distance of 15mm, 3000 base pairs moved a distance of 12mm and 5000 base moved a distance of 10mm. From these findings, one can deduce that the shorter the base pairs, the longer the distance they travelled and vice versa. Discussion From the above experiment, it is evident that DNA fragments with lower base pair migrated longer distances than those with more base pairs. Restriction endonucleases enzymes are basically enzymes that cut DNA at specific sites. The enzymes cut at four, six or eight base pair sequences of which are palindromic. Sometimes restriction enzymes may cut in a middle of a recognition sequence, forming blunt ends, or commonly cut asymmetrically, resulting in sticky ends or stranded overhangs. DNA ligase come in hand to join the end pieces of the cut strands to create recombinant DNA molecule.

The Freedom Of The Body - 886 Words

Secondly, they were of the notion that if the people believed in the freedom of conscience, then there should also be the liberty of the body which is right and reasonable. According to the letter, only evil doers would not want other people to enjoy the freedom of the body. (Pastorius et al) Thirdly, the group states that the act of slavery gives the Colony a bad name. if stealing is not right and condemned, why should the colonists indulge in the act of buying stolen slaves? They believed that most of the slaves ought to be delivered from the hands of their predators. The group claimed that Pennsylvania involvement has given it a bad reputation. (Pastorius et al) The fourth thing the group mentioned is that news of situation like this would prevent Germans and Dutch who detest the practice, from coming to the Colony. (Pastorius et al) Lastly, they asked this question in quote â€Å"if once these slaves (which they say are wicked and stubborn men) should join themselves fight for their freedom, and handle their masters and mistresses as they did handle them before; would the owners retaliate or would they allow themselves to remain and be treated as slaves. (Pastorius et al) The petition of 1688 was a reminder to the British Quakers who had fled religious persecution and oppression only to come and inflict greater pains on other fellow human beings based on the color of their skin. Subsequently, in 1740, George Whitefield, an English preacher and co-founder of the MethodistShow MoreRelatedFreedom Of The Body Is Different From The Mind Of Life Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pages The Decision to Live Life is full of choices and every judgment is guide upon the factors and forces in person’s life. Freedom of the body is different from the freedom of the mind. Freedom of the body is physical as that of the mind psychological. The life pressures arrive and they start to fill every anxious cell in your body, you can’t consume, but you are being consumed. These life pressures cut across social, political and most importantly economic pressure. People live in life with a constantRead MoreFreedom of Self- Expression: Tattoos and Body Piercings at 16 Should be Permitted1232 Words   |  5 Pageschildren should have permission to get tattoos and body piercings. I believe that teens should have the authority to get them on our own. The current Texas law states that any person under the age of 18 must have parental permission before getting a tattoo or any body piercing. Identification is required to verify the persons age. I feel that by the age of 16, any student shoul d have the authority to express themselves in a way such as tattoos and body piercings. There are various aspects throughRead MoreCauses And Effect Of A Multi Dimensional Body On Nutrition, Self Governance, Choice And Freedom1291 Words   |  6 Pagesintricate machine. Humans have physical, social, mental and spiritual make-up. Humans control a multi-dimensional body which thrives on nutrition, self-governance, choice and freedom. This machine needs constant maintenance and care to work at its peak. People use the knowledge of the body to upkeep operations. Care increases longevity and durability of the delicate body. Although well-built, the body reaches a point where it declines, breaks, or even dies. Diseases which debilitate and punish contributeRead More2. The Search For Meaning And The Idea Of Freedom. . Frankl1357 Words   |  6 Pages2. The Search for Meaning and the Idea of Freedom Frankl supports the idea that humans are ultimately free and is the ultimate achievement for man. Even in the most terrible circumstances, a person still has the freedom to choose how they see their outcome and what kind of meaning they are going to take away from the situation. Frankl believes that there is a kind of freedom that can never be stolen from a person no matter how ruthless the situation. Frankl wrestled with the questions of whereRead MoreFreedom Is Impossible For All While Some Remain Enslaved1197 Words   |  5 Pages14. Some have argued that freedom is impossible for all while some remain enslaved. Identify a specific example of modern slavery (timeframe, country, and people affected) and discuss how this affects our assumptions of ubiquitous liberty. Freedom is a fundamental birth right, which empowers people to speak, and do as they please without confinement or physical constraint. Freedom is the act of allowing an individual to act independently and choose independently, regardless of outside forces impedingRead MoreThe Issue Of State And Sovereignty Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagesthat the political entity must always be sovereign because it decides what to do when an exception occurs, contrary to Arendt that states that such sovereignty from the political entity has always been an illusion because freedom and sovereignty can’t coexist unless the political body renounces to one of them. In order to understand better the concept of sovereignty, there is a need to understand Schmitt s famous friend/enemy distinction from â€Å"The Concept of the Political† because in order for a stateRead More Racial Ideologies in Frederick Douglass and Linda Brents Narratives1439 Words   |  6 PagesDouglass’s Narrative and Brent’s Incidents follow them from ignorance to knowledge; knowledge and freedom gained through their own doing. I think that Stowe is in a way both trying to write an anti-slavery novel, however, I can’t see her as anti-racist because Romantic Racialism is what grounds her arguments. In all three, I am going to prove that the relationship between and the representations of the body and the mind are what either refuse or support racial ideologies of the nineteenth century. Read MoreAnimal Farm Essays1030 Words   |  5 PagesANIMAL FARM Writing Assignment ASSIGNMENT In ANIMAL FARM, Orwell shows how both the leaders and the followers in a society can act in ways that destroy freedom and equality. Choose one leader and one follower from the novel and explain how the behavior of each contributes to the loss of freedom and equality on Animal Farm. PREWRITING Step 1 List the various leaders of Animal Farm. Looking back through the novel, find several examples of actions the leaders take that curtail the rights of theRead MoreThe Quest For Freedom In The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin713 Words   |  3 PagesFreedom â€Å"Free! Body and soul free!†(paragraph 14) says Louise, a character in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin. Louise continues to repeat this phrase as she believes that her husband is now dead. She is a free woman who may now partake in whatever her heart desires. Usually when a woman becomes a widow she is filled with grief and sadness. Yet, Louise demonstrates otherwise. She is hit with a great amount of freedom rather than the common loneliness a widow experiences. In death, a person’sRead MoreThe Self Representation Of Young Women899 Words   |  4 PagesThe self-representation of young women today, however, is limited by social and political forces. The bodies of young Australian women are still governed by laws and regulations around female bodily autonomy, including the criminalisation of sex work and the difficulty in accessing abortions. Females are continually blamed for their own sexual assault and rape, and young women are still sent home f rom school over their dress code. In a study sponsored by VicHealth, it is revealed that up to â€Å"1 in

Minorities and Women in Criminal Justice - 1064 Words

There are many key issues impacting minorities and women in the criminal justice system . Sexism still exists in the United States. Sexism against women is shown in the media and indicates that sexism still pervades in our society. Another key issue is the overrepresentation and disparities among minorities in the criminal justice system. After the act of September 11, racial profiling and other acts of racial hate crimes suggests that racism occurs. Another key issue that indicates that racial disparities occur in the criminal justice system is the overrepresentation of minorities in the Juvenile Justice system. Sexism against women- Sexism still pervades in our society. A clear example of this is the way Hillary Clinton was†¦show more content†¦They can have access to medical, financial, mental health and student records with minimal oversight. Many feel that new legislation and enforcement of The Patriot Act takes away our freedom and some feel that this will protect us and possibly prevent another attack. There are many disadvantages of The Patriot Act. Many Arabs and Asian immigrants have been interrogated not for a wrong act but because of religion or ethnic background. New Federal Executive Branch actions have discriminated Arabs and Asians. Thousands of Asian and Arab men have been held in custody for weeks and months, without any charges filed against them. An action such as these by the government is supported by The Patriot Act yet it threatens the First Amendment which is supposed to protect our freedom of religion, speech assembly, and the press. It also threatens the fourth Amendment which is freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. There is a lack of information within the patriot act that shows evidence that this act was a major reason for September 11 terrorist attacks. This act is an invasion of privacy with inadequate security benefits. The government is given the opportunity and power to investigate and search people ’s homes without good cause. Inaccurate information collected by the government can be kept on file permanently and viewed by law enforcement officers. This personal and flawed information can be used against the AmericanShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination in the Criminal Justice System Essay733 Words   |  3 PagesWhen you think of the criminal justice system, you think of justice being served to those who wish to threaten it. The criminal justice system is a very powerful system that protects our society but like society, it is not perfect. The justice system runs off of discrimination against race and gender It is believed that African Americans are the criminals, Caucasians are the victims, and women are too weak to even be in the system. Is this information accurate? I believe that crime should not beRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1581 Words   |  7 Pages394 WEEK 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation John Doe CJA 394 October 01, 2001 Jane Doedy Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice system is forever adjusting to protect and serve a changing society. The paper evaluates, identifies and assesses recent future and current trends affecting the criminal justice system. Lastly, it defines the values of the system in a changing society. Recent trends affecting the criminal justice system areRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Criminal Justice System1394 Words   |  6 Pagesnegatively affect minorities is the criminal justice system. There is an overrepresentation of African Americans and Latinos within prisons. Discrimination and prejudice have morphed throughout time to continue to keep individual without power. There are more African American adults in prison or jail, on probation or parole—than were enslaved in 1850 (Alexander. New Jim Crow.) Through the history of this country, this trend has developed to continue the disfranchisement of minorities. Legally it isRead MoreMothers Reclaiming Our Children ( Roc )1529 Words   |  7 Pagesinvolves criminal justice system. The organization began its operations in the year 1992 in Los Angeles County with the stakeholders being few mothers amongst other men being led by the president Barbara Meredith (Afary, 2009). There is evidence in the communities about the risks that individuals go through especially in the comparison between the blacks and the whites in the United States of America. The black men have their chances limited or adversely affected exclusively in relation to criminal activitiesRead MoreRacial Impact Statements : Considering The Consequences Of Racial Disproportionalities On The Criminal Justice System964 Words   |  4 Pagestitled, Racial Impact Statements: Considering the Consequences of Racial Disproportionalities in the Criminal Justice System, the article addresses how the American Criminal justice system has been suffering from the dramatic increase in mass incarceration and the uneven rates of racial disproportionalities and disparities. These disproportionate impacts with minorities within the criminal justice system are all impacted from neutral laws, policies and practices. Statements made with racial impactRead MoreRacial Ethnic Differences Of Offending, Victimization, And Incarceration Essay963 Words à ‚  |  4 PagesQ1.The racial/ethnic differences in offending, victimization, and incarceration? Minorities, particularly African Americans, are generally overrepresented in the criminal justice system both as offenders and as victims.   According to the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) for 2003, African Americans (who were 12.7 percent of the population in 2003) were arrested for 37 percent of violent crimes (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault) and 29 percent of propertyRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is A Problem1508 Words   |  7 Pagesof juvenile delinquency is a little different from the criminal justice system history. Originally, a juvenile that committed a crime went to jail with other male and female criminals. At the beginning of the criminal justice system men, women, and juvenile criminals were housed together. By putting juveniles with grown men incarcerated for various reasons made them easy targets for violence. When pr isons started, not only were men, women, and juveniles not separated but those who suffered fromRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement And Our Nation s Continued Progress Towards Racial Equality1477 Words   |  6 Pagesmovement and our nation’s continued progress towards racial equality. Yet almost five decades later a broken criminal-justice system has proven that we still have a long way to go in achieving racial equality. Today people of color continue to be excessively incarcerated, policed, and sentenced to death at significantly higher rates than whites. Further, racial differences in the criminal-justice system hurt communities of color by excluding thousands by limiting blacks the right to vote, limiting employmentRead MoreBlack And Minority Ethnic Offenders1373 Words   |  6 Pagesin Westminster between Baroness Young, Clinks and The Black Training and Enterprise Group to discuss how the changing landscape of the Criminal Justice System could improve the outcomes for Black, And Minority Ethnic offenders (BAME). Following the meeting Baroness Young met the Secretary of State for Justice to seek his support to establish a task group. The Justice Secretary requested that the review included Muslim Offenders. The investigation and subsequent Young Review led by Baroness Lola YoungRead MoreSocial Reaction Theory And Feminist Theory Of Crimes1476 Words   |  6 Pagesfar more contradictorily by the criminal justice system. Here, I will explain these various theories with more attention on how they thoroughly transformed the way that the crime and law were viewed. Both theories had become popular in the 1960’s and the 1970’s due to the society looking for theories that fixed the blame for criminal offending on government authorities. These theories also both share a common theme, by accentuating the use of the criminal justice system to target or label certain

Comparison and Contrast Between Love Free Essays

First love can happen at any age or not happened at all, but must people have fallen in love for the first time as a teenager or an adult. First love is an exciting new experience that most people remember very well as something naive, impulsive and unforgettable love. However, forever love is one of the strongest emotions that a human being can feel. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison and Contrast Between Love or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can arise ever so intensely, spreading a feeling of warm happiness through every inch of a person body like a wild fire spreading through a tree. As the feelings become more intense, the flame of passion can turn into a blazing fire that burns strongly through every ventricle of a person’s heart. This love makes one committed to stay in the relationship for the long haul. When it comes to first love and forever love, these two loves are different in regard to communication, unconditional support and emotional support. Forever love requires romantic partners to communicate even when it is hard to come to an agreement. Instead of walking out of the house without talking or going to bed angry, partners stay up late until the differences and problems are reconciled. For instance, on the Cosby show, Clare and Bill would have disagreements when difference arose. The differences would be how to discipline the children, Bill not eating healthy meals or not listening to one another. Instead of Bill and Clare yelling and pointing the finger at one another, they would communicate without playing the blame game and apologize to one another regardless of who is right. I know one might say they are playing characters on a television show, but one cannot disagree that forever love lays out the foundation of how to compromise and respect one’s life partner. Forever love also shows unconditional love and support by showing devotion and understanding of one another. For example, Diane Reeves showed her husband Christopher Reeves unconditional love and support when he was paralyzed. She never viewed him as a patient but as the love of her life. She always supported him through grueling physical therapy sessions and surgery. By her being so extremely devoted, she never deserted him when he was paralyzed or stayed with him out of pity. She truly, madly and deeply loved him regardless of his disability. My husband, James, is my forever love because he supports me in my goal of pursuing an associate degree in Health Service Management. My forever love does this by telling me how well I am accomplishing my goals by getting good grades in school. Whenever I am feeling overwhelmed and frustrated after a long day of classes and working, he gives me words of encouragement. He tells me that he has faith in me because he knows I will succeed. By doing this, he gives me the support I need to achieve my educational goals. On the other hand, first love relationship disagreements are inevitable. But how are they handled? Instead of reconciling their difference, conversation are battlegrounds where viewpoints are defended with grim determination and words are weapons instead of tools of communication. In the heat of anger, complaints are expressed in a destructive fashion which causes romantic partners to say, â€Å"See you later,† because one is not fully committed to the relationship. For example, my first love, Ernest, and I would argue all the time and never reconciled our differences because we each wanted to be right. We tried to make the relationship work but we were so naive about love that we ended the relationship because neither one of us was committed enough to make it work. Another difference between first and true love is unconditional love and support. With first love, this type of love is not strong because one is not fully committed to the relationship. For instance, Judy, my friend, and her first love, Jim, were inseparable. Judy and Jim were dating for six months. They would go to the movies, parties, and sports games for fun until a tragedy happened. Jim was involved in an automobile accident that left him paralyzed from the waist down. Instead of showing unconditional love and support for her romantic partner, she left him because she could not handle his disability. She was not committed enough to him or their love to support Jim in his time of need. First love is not as strong as forever love because this is a new experience and the partner is not concerned with a long, strong commitment. In conclusion, Love does not long for power; it does not want to be hurt or be punished for mistakes. It is self-sacrificing because it is ready to forgive partners over and over again. It is wrong to think that love is always suffering; it only means that one takes a person as he or she is and does not expect a romantic partner to be perfect. Forever love is more invested in keeping the relationship intact because one is willing to reconcile his or her differences, and show unconditional love and support but most of all communication. This love makes partners stand by each other side through tragedies and difficulties, whereas first love has little willingness to commit to the relationship. How to cite Comparison and Contrast Between Love, Papers

Skills Sharing in Food & Beverage Industry- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSkills Sharing in Food Beverage Industry for Customer Service. Answer: Introduction Customer service is an essential part of a food and beverage industry. Customer service is indeed constructed with various strategies such as repairing the damage of a service failure of any kind (AbuKhalifeh and Som 2012). In this regard, knowledge management and sharing comes apart as a potential option to rectify and repair the damages done by a service failure (Kim and Lee 2013). This particular study also focuses on the service recovery with the help of different supportive materials. The main purpose of this assignment is to identify what service recovery is. Moreover, the study also focuses on the importance of knowledge management and sharing in relation to service recovery in a restaurant. Service Recovery Many operations across different organisations on this world believe in repairing the damages done by a service failure. Additionally, it is also important to have a knowledge on the perceptions that customer develops after they experience a service failure or a service recovery. Importantly, the hospitality industry is widely known for a high standard customer service, which is why customers have the perceptions that they will be treated with utmost care. They are hurt when they find a slight of error in such perceptions (Mithas, Krishnan and Fornell 2013). In such scenario, it is imperative for the hospitality industry that they use an appropriate and effective service recovery strategy to restore the lost image and repair the damages done. Such strategies can be produced with the help of knowledge sharing and management. The role of training and development program becomes imperative as well in such cases (Chien and Tsai 2012). Service recovery can only be performed if the types of complaints are known. There are ample numbers of complaints that can arise in a restaurant. There are different kinds of themes for the restaurants such as for sports restaurant or a luxury restaurant. Both will have the same basic amenities; however, customers might have different set of service expectations form the two different kinds of restaurants. Service failure can be such as not meeting the expectation of the customers in any term whether the products or the service (Susskind and Viccari 2011). Nevertheless, the severity of service failure is that it compels the customers for sharing negative views of them in public through any social media sites. This is undoubtedly threatening to the reputation of the respective restaurant or a bar. Service recovery therefore is highly important for a fact that it gives a chance to repair the damages done and provide an opportunity to the responsible body to protect their reputation in the market (Komunda and Osarenkhoe 2012). Importance of effective service recovery Customer experience can be defined as an interaction that customers use to have while interacting with the different people, product and service of a specific organisation. It can also be defined as an experience that customers have after interacting to the people, product and service of the respective organisation. Customer experiences if those are bad need to be managed with an utmost service recovery strategy as this will help in compensate the damages that have been done. Managing anything requires a clear understanding of the issue first. In such cases, knowledge transfer throughout the organisational premise along all the employees keeps a high importance. Knowledge should be shared with the less in experience employees. There can be many ways of knowledge transfer such as being vocal to the less in experience employees or by training those that requires the understanding of the knowledge management in the food and beverage sector (Ryals 2013). Customer relationship management is a strategy that is used to retain the potential customers or to add more new customers on a continuous basis. This is extremely important for enhancing the business profitability. Companies perform different strategic planning to gather the insights of the customers. They do such thing in order to understand where the problem is. Moreover, this will help the company in putting forward an utmost and improved customer service to the customers. In the food and beverage sector, it is extensively important to supply an utmost customer service in order to retain the majority of the customers that visits on a daily basis. It is important that customers have positive experiences of being in a particular hotel or a restaurant (Mohammed and Rashid 2012). Relations with the customers can be managed with the help of following different strategies: Trained and skilled employees- Trained and skilled employees are utterly required in a job where interaction with the customers is very evitable such as in sales jobs or the hospitality sector. Employees should be trained on how to interact with the customers, how to take the orders and how to behave with the different kind of customers. There are varied of customers that throng to a restaurant. It then becomes important for the employees to know the etiquettes of interacting with the different customers. For example, a drunken customer will have a different mindset and will be expecting a different customer service. There are many other kinds of challenging customers. It is because of all such reasons it is necessary to have trained employees in hotels and restaurants. This can be done in numerous ways such as by training the employees on the basics of customer service and by managing a flow of knowledge in between the different employees. Knowledge management is perhaps very important in the hotel sector. If the senior member of employees is supportive to those who are new to the industry or those that have less experience in the industry, outcome will be different. Such atmosphere will impart the learnt experiences of the senior members to those who are less experienced. Additionally, training the newly recruited professionals on the utmost standard of customer service will also help the fresh employee to grab things quickly. The training will be certified as per the industry standard. Training will be commenced on task specific knowledge, transactive memory, task related knowledge and guest related knowledge. After the training is over, trained employees should be encouraged for on the job training, which will include interacting with the live customers. This is really helpful as it will give a live experience of customer responses that can be of any type (Weber et al. 2013). Customer service- Customer service includes many such as presenting a good quality product to the customer or giving them utmost service. Service may include many such as greeting warmly to the customers, asking for the orders with smile on the faces, delivering the order in time, asking for any other assistance before leaving the table. If a customer complaints of any product, employees should instantly apologise for that and ask for giving another chance, so as to compensate the grievances (Thompson 2006). Friendly employees- Employees are needed to be friendlier. This is really helpful especially in the hospitality industry. Friendly nature means interacting with the customers with smile on the face. Additionally, customers will feel that their every query will be taken care with serious concern. Restaurants or hotels should be innovative in inventing various new things that redefines their friendliness (Baker, Davis and Weaver 2014). Importance of working together effective communication in restaurant Working together and effective communication in between the different employees in restaurants is immensely needed. The importance of which can be felt in the outcome. It facilitates the flow of knowledge, which is very necessary in order to get the knowledge on the utmost customer service. Working together helps in maintain an effective communication, which prepares the way for the knowledge transfer (Bouncken 2002). It is imperative in restaurants that employees have practical exposure to their works. Nevertheless, the much needed inter communication helps in facilitate the sharing of knowledge in between the experienced and the fresher in a very practical way. Such a practical exchange of knowledge helps the freshly recruited professionals learn the essential thing for a restaurant job in real time. Training helps to learn the basics of customer service; however, it is not only necessary to provide an utmost skill in employees. On contrary to this, they are nervous when they are p ut into works with the live customers (Kang and Hyun 2012). Conclusion In the hospitality industry specifically in hotels or restaurants, it is important to maintain a healthy flow of knowledge to gain an utmost trust of the customers those who are the visitors. Such a flow of knowledge is only viable with a systematic and well planned training program and the effective communication between the different employees in restaurants. Training helps employees know about all the soft skills, which are needed in order to make customers feel like home. Additionally, flow of knowledge or the knowledge sharing in between the experienced and the fresher ensure a significant grab on the practical terms. Nevertheless, practicality is immensely required to get close to the real job. This can be effectively achieved by working together like a team. It really gives chances to interact with the complex issues in a very practical way. References AbuKhalifeh, A.N. and Som, A.P.M., 2012. Service quality management in hotel industry: a conceptual framework for food and beverage departments.International Journal of Business and Management,7(14), p.135. Baker, M.A., Davis, E.A. and Weaver, P.A., 2014. Eco-friendly attitudes, barriers to participation, and differences in behavior at green hotels.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,55(1), pp.89-99. Bouncken, R.B., 2002. Knowledge management for quality improvements in hotels.Journal of quality assurance in hospitality tourism,3(3-4), pp.25-59. Chien, S.Y. and Tsai, C.H., 2012. Dynamic capability, knowledge, learning, and firm performance.Journal of Organizational Change Management,25(3), pp.434-444. Kang, J. and Hyun, S.S., 2012. Effective communication styles for the customer-oriented service employee: Inducing dedicational behaviors in luxury restaurant patrons.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(3), pp.772-785. Kim, T.T. and Lee, G., 2013. Hospitality employee knowledge-sharing behaviors in the relationship between goal orientations and service innovative behavior.International Journal of Hospitality Management,34, pp.324-337. Komunda, M. and Osarenkhoe, A., 2012. Remedy or cure for service failure? Effects of service recovery on customer satisfaction and loyalty.Business Process Management Journal,18(1), pp.82-103. Mithas, S., Krishnan, M.S. and Fornell, C., 2013, May. Why do customer relationship management applications affect customer satisfaction?. American Marketing Association. Mohammed, A.A. and Rashid, B., 2012. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Hotel Industry: A framework proposal on the relationship among CRM dimensions, Marketing Capabilities, and Hotel performance.International Review of Management and Marketing,2(4), p.220. Ryals, L., 2013, May. Making customer relationship management work: the measurement and profitable management of customer relationships. American Marketing Association. Susskind, A. and Viccari, A., 2011. A look at the relationship between service failures, guest satisfaction, and repeat-patronage intentions of casual dining guests.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,52(4), pp.438-444. Thompson, B., 2006. Customer experience management: the value of moments of truth.Customer Think Corporation white paper, Customer Think, pp.1-18. Weber, M.R., Crawford, A., Lee, J. and Dennison, D., 2013. An exploratory analysis of soft skill competencies needed for the hospitality industry.Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality Tourism,12(4), pp.313-332.

Leadership in IT Project Management

Question: Write an essay on theOrganizational Culture. Answer: Organizational Culture I have been assigned to write a blog about project management leadership. There are many areas in project management leadership like project management skills, models of change, managing resistance to change, organizational culture, sources of conflict, strategies for negotiation, etc. But I chose to write on Organizational Culture as it is a one of the core areas to understand leadership and management. So what is organizational culture? It can be defined as system of shared values followed the people that differentiate the company from other firms. There are seven traits to gain a deeper understanding about an enterprises culture (Alvesson, 2016). Innovation and taking risks Here the employees were encouraged for doing innovative things and taking calculated risks at a certain extent. Taking care for each minute detail- The extent to which the workers should analyze and pay attention to detail. Outcome oriented The extent to which the top management pays attention to the results or outcomes rather than the various processes and the techniques used to get the expected result. People oriented Here how much the decisions of the management are taken into consideration for the employees outcome within the work environment. Team oriented The degree to which the different types of activities happening in the work place are organized within the teams rather for a particular employee. Aggressiveness It describes how much extent the employees have the aggression and competitive attitude rather than an easygoing employee. Stability It defines to which extent the companys activities are helping to maintain the status quo in respect to growth (Scott Davis, 2015). Now I will debrief about whether the companies have cultures which are uniform or not. Organizational culture enables us to think that the people working in an organization follow the predefined norms, values, ethics, etc as set by the company. Most large firms have a working culture which is dominant and there are various subcultures. A culture which is dominating stresses on the core values of that company where most of the employees follow those values and which help the firm to have a unique personality and differentiate the firm from others. Subcultures in the firms are present to share the common problems or various experiences the people are facing in the same department or in the same office location. The accounts department can comprise of subculture where there are the core values of the company as well as the distinct values and the norms of the members in that accounts department (Kotrba et al., 2012). Organizational culture creates a climate in the workplace that can be good as well as bad. An employee working with his/ her co-workers who reflects a positive attitude will motivate you to give your best shot at the task or with a team who has no sense of responsibility will demotivate you to do the work. If you have experienced these types of things at the workplace then you have experienced the effects of climate. It can be defined as shared beliefs of the employees have about their company and the work environment. Through meta-analysis survey it was found that psychological climate has a strong impact for an individuals level of job satisfaction, involvement, committed and self motivated in the work place. An employee who feels there is a positive climate for diversity will be more comfortable in interacting with other employees regardless of their demographic background (Schneider et al., 2013). Next the factors for creating and sustaining a companys culture are discussed. A firms current values, ethics, traditions, norms, etc are based on the vision of the founders of the company. The founders of the firm decide the ideologies that need to follow by each and every employee in the organization (Epstein Buhovac, 2014). There is three factors that help to sustain a culture. First is the selection process. Here the main task is to recruit the people having necessary skills and knowledge and have the capability to perform the task successfully. Here only those candidates are hired who possess the majority of the core values of the organization (Csikszentmihalyi, 2014).Gore Associates work culture comprises of no bosses, no job titles, etc. Every work is done through teams. In recruiting process, the candidates have to undergo a grueling interview process whether they can deal with uncertainty, flexible work timings and teamwork. The next step is the decision process of the top management in the company. Their attitudes, actions, words have huge impact on the overall growth of the organization (Guiso, 2015). Like how much risks should an employee take to perform a task, the degree of freedom should an employee enjoy, the dress code, promotions, rewards and other benefits. For example super market chain Wegman believes in happy and loyal workers who help each others to provide exceptional customer service. The firm hires only those candidates who have an interest in various foods. The enterprise has paid more than $54 million for college scholarships to their both part-time as well as full time employees and also fully paid medical expenses. The last one is socialization where the new recruits need to understand and adapt the companys working culture. Like the marines must undergo a boot camp training where they need to probe their dedication and commitment and learn the Marine way (Steiber Alnge, 2013). Now I will discuss how the employees get to learn about the culture in the organization. The first is through stories. When Henry Ford II was the chairman of the Ford Motors, he reminded his workers when they became arrogant by saying that Its the name of his that was inscribed on the building. It has a clear message. The company was run by Henry Ford II and everyone should follow his orders. The stories indicate the different practices prevailing in the organization. It tells about the founders, attrition rate, reactions to the mistakes happened in the past, relocation of the employees and various norms followed. Next part is the rituals that explain the core values of an organization. The vital goals, important people, working styles, activities come under the rituals. The third one is the material symbols (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013).The office layout inside the organization, the various automobiles provide to the top management, perks, the size of the offices and the furniture come un der material symbols. The last one is language. There are various terminologies used in the work place that needs to be acquainted for a new employee like various work equipments, key persons or products related to business. Employees need to understand the jargons and various acronyms to interact properly with other employees. The last section I will discuss the necessary steps to create an ethical work culture in an organization. The first step should be an icon or a role model to other employees (Robertson Barling, 2013).The action and the behavior of the top management should motivate the employees and must send a positive message to them. The ethical code of the company must be communicated to the employees so that they follow the ethical standards of the organization. The third one is ethical training should be provided to the employees by conducting seminars, workshops and other training programs so that employees have a better understanding while working in the organization. There should be appraisal for the employees and they will get rewarded who are maintaining the ethical standards and at the same time there will also be punishment for the employees who are violating the code of conduct (Plakhotnik et al., 2015). Conclusion Any organization must aim to have a strong positive organizational culture because the people who have a positive attitude show positive results at work place. They also lead a happy, productive and enriching lifestyle. Organizational culture can be defined as a system of shared values followed the people that differentiate the company from other firms. The culture of an organization differs from company to company and successful firms have high ethical standards and the vision of the company is aligned with the employees vision which makes an organization successful. An organizations culture can be learned through stories, material symbols, languages and rituals which help the workers to have a deeper understanding about the workplace. The workplace should exhibit a positive working climate where there is no biasness and no problem in working with employees belonging to diversified cultures (Azanza et al., 2013). References Alvesson, M. (2016).Organizational Culture. Sage Publications Incorporated. Azanza, G., Moriano, J. A., Molero, F. (2013). Authentic leadership and organizational culture as drivers of employees job satisfaction.Revista de Psicologa del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones,29(2), 45-50. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014).Society, culture, and person: A systems view of creativity(pp. 47-61). Springer Netherlands Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, A. R. (2014).Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L. (2015). The value of corporate culture.Journal of Financial Economics,117(1), 60-76. Hatch, M. J., Cunliffe, A. L. (2013).Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Kotrba, L. M., Gillespie, M. A., Schmidt, A. M., Smerek, R. E., Ritchie, S. A., Denison, D. R. (2012). Do consistent corporate cultures have better business performance? Exploring the interaction effects.Human relations,65(2), 241-262 Plakhotnik, M. S., Rocco, T. S., Collins, J. C., Landorf, H. (2015). Connection, value, and growth: how employees with different national identities experience a geocentric organizational culture of a global corporation.Human Resource Development International,18(1), 39-57. Robertson, J. L., Barling, J. (2013). Greening organizations through leaders' influence on employees' pro environmental behaviors.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(2), 176-194. Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M. G., Macey, W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture.Annual review of psychology,64, 361-388 Scott, W. R., Davis, G. F. (2015).Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open systems perspectives. Routledge Steiber, A., Alnge, S. (2013). A corporate system for continuous innovation: the case of Google Inc.European Journal of Innovation Management,16(2), 243-264.